When it comes to real estate, what is the 50 percent rule?

Ryan O'Donnell
3 min readMar 25, 2022

When considering possible rental properties to buy, real estate investors follow a few rules of thumb. The 50% rule can help you make more informed real estate investing decisions by providing a general approximation of a rental property’s expenses.

What exactly is the 50% rule?
According to the 50 percent rule, real estate investors should expect a property’s operating expenses to be around half of its gross income. This excludes any mortgage payments (if any), but does include property taxes, insurance, vacancy losses, repairs, upkeep, and owner-paid utilities.

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How Does The 50% Rule Work?
The 50% rule is calculated by dividing the entire monthly rental income in half. This is done to account for any prospective property-related expenses. Repair charges, taxes, property management fees, utilities, and insurance costs are all expenses. To use this rule, investors do not need to know the actual expense amount. In fact, this method is so popular because it allows investors to rapidly and accurately analyze potential acquisitions with limited data.

One thing to keep in mind is that mortgage or loan payments are not considered “expenses” under the 50% rule. To assess whether or not against proceed with a property, loan payments should be compared to the remaining half of the rental income.

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Why Is The 50% Rule Important?
When investors need to move swiftly through potential properties, the 50% rule comes into play. The 50% rule might assist you know when to move forward or pass on a business if you operate in a fast-paced, competitive market (which is becoming more typical these days). If the numbers on a property match the rule, it’s time to conduct a more detailed investigation. If the property’s figures, on the other hand, don’t add up, you can move on without wasting too much time or effort.

The 50% rule can be applied to a variety of residential property types, including single-family, multifamily, condos, duplexes, and so on. Its adaptability makes it particularly useful when you come upon a prospective bargain and need to move quickly.

A Perfect example of the 50% Rule
Assume you’re looking at a single-family home in your neighborhood with a monthly rental income of $2,500 per month. According to the 50% rule, around $1250 of that will be spent on property costs. That would leave you with an additional $1250 to compare to your loan payment. If the property has a $950 monthly mortgage payment, this investment would theoretically cash flow at $300 per month. You can then use this number to determine whether or not you should conduct a more thorough inspection of the property.

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Is the 50% Rule Reliable?
The 50 percent rule for real estate investments is intended to serve as a guideline rather than a hard and fast rule for determining profitability. The guideline is merely intended to assist investors in estimating how much cash flow they could be able to generate if they were to invest in a given rental property. The 50 percent rule is in place to protect investors from underestimating the costs of property ownership.

At the closing table…

As a busy investor, conducting a comprehensive review of every possible investment that comes your way can be time consuming. Calculations like the 50% rule can help in this situation. You can quickly determine whether a home is worth a second look by comparing rental income and expected expenses. Run these figures the next time you come across a possible deal to discover how the 50% rule can benefit you.

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